More often than not it has become a common habit to reach for an antacid at the first sign of discomfort, whether it’s acidity, indigestion, heartburn, or bloating. Many people rely on these over-the-counter solutions as a quick fix, often without considering the implications of frequent use. However, the safety of taking antacids daily or on a regular basis is not always clear. If you’ve never thought about the potential risks associated with prolonged or habitual use of antacids, here is what you need to know: 

Prolonged use of antacids can have negative side effects that may lead to health concerns, like diarrhoea, constipation, acid rebound and some medication interactions—particularly if you are over-relying on these medications. Plus, relying on these drugs might mean that you're ignoring underlying symptoms and delaying proper diagnosis and treatment.

However, note that individuals taking PPIs (Proton-pump inhibitors) for severe heartburn, stomach ulcers or Barrett’s oesophagus, should not stop taking the medication unless advised to do so by their doctor. The benefits may outweigh any potential risks of treatment. If you are taking prescription medication, it's recommended to consult the doctor before stopping any medication

 

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Related story: What is The Role of Acid in Our Stomach?

 

5 Adverse Effects of Long-term Use of Antacids

Potential for Acid Rebound

According to a 2022 study published by the Journal of International Medical Research, one less commonly discussed side effect is acid rebound, which refers to the increased production of stomach acid after prolonged use of antacids. This happens because the stomach compensates for the reduced acidity caused by the antacid medication. As a result, you may experience a worsening of heartburn and indigestion symptoms. If you’re considering adjusting your dosage or discontinuing these medications, it’s important to consult with your doctor to determine the best approach.

 

Digestive Issues

Digestive issues like constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and stomach cramps might occur with misuse of antacids. Magnesium-based antacids are more likely to cause diarrhoea due to their laxative effects, while aluminum-based antacids tend to result in constipation. This imbalance in digestive function can be particularly troublesome if you already have a sensitive gastrointestinal system.
Medication Interaction
Although generally safe when used as directed, H2 blockers may interfere with the absorption of certain medications, including blood thinners, antidepressants and blood pressure medicines. These medications are fast-acting when taken before or shortly after symptoms begin. However, they are best taken on an as needed basis because they can lose their effectiveness if taken for a long period of time. This is because antacids can alter the pH level in your stomach and intestines, impacting how other drugs are processed. If you're on multiple medications or have concerns about how antacids might interact with your current regimen, it's important to consult with your doctor to ensure safe and effective management of your treatments.

 

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Not Safe for All Age Groups

A 2024 study published by StarPearls concluded that adverse effects are prominent in the infant and elderly populations. The chronic use of antacids in infants and elderly population is not recommended due to safety concerns.

In infants, antacids can disrupt the delicate balance of stomach acid necessary for proper digestion and nutrient absorption, while in the elderly, potential interactions with other medications and underlying health conditions may pose significant risks. Therefore, it’s crucial to consult with a doctor before using antacids in these age groups.

 

Related story: How to Prevent Acid Reflux And Manage Indigestion At Work

 

Absorption of Minerals

According to the International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders, long-term use may reduce levels of vitamin B12, magnesium and calcium in the body and increase the risk for hip fractures.
Long-term use of antacids can hinder the absorption of key minerals, primarily because these medications alter the acidity levels in the stomach. The stomach's acidic environment is essential for breaking down food and facilitating the absorption of minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and vitamin B12. By neutralising stomach acid, antacids can disrupt this process, leading to decreased mineral absorption and potential deficiencies. For instance, reduced stomach acid can impair calcium absorption, increasing the risk of bone-related issues.

 

Related story: Ways to Ease Chronic Indigestion

 

FAQS on Antacids Consumption

How long can you safely take antacids?
While everyone's health situation is unique, antacids are meant for short-term use to provide relief from heartburn and indigestion symptoms. Most of these medications come with a disclaimer that if you use them for longer than two weeks and symptoms have not improved, talk with your doctor.

Who should avoid antacids?
Antacids are generally safe for most people when used as directed, but certain groups should be cautious or avoid them. Individuals with kidney disease, impaired kidney function, high blood pressure, or congestive heart failure may need to limit their use due to the sodium, magnesium, and calcium content in these medications. Your doctor may suggest a specific type of antacid or alternative treatment based on your particular health needs.

 

Related story: 3 Ingredients That Promote Good Gut Bacteria

 

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